New Delhi: “The long wall and circular shrine discovered during the excavation at the disputed site in Ayodhya, was part of a Hindu temple and not of an Idgah Masjid or Kannati Masjid,” said KK Muhammed, former regional director – North, Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
Muhammed spoke to IANS on two crucial aspects in the Ayodhya dispute – archaeological evidence and corroborated literary evidence.
Muhammed, who was on the team that carried out the digging, rubbished the Muslim parties’ claims before the Supreme Court and insisted that the “long wall” found during the excavations by the ASI was scientifically examined.
“Archaeology is a science and ASI is an independent agency, and it submitted a scientific report to the Allahabad High Court. If the wall were to be an Idgah or part of an Islamic structure, then how will you explain the recovery of terracotta (sculptures of god and goddesses) and ‘makara pranali’, the image of a crocodile, which is a symbol of river Ganga. These are not part of Islamic culture,” Muhammed said.
The ASI initially conducted a Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) survey of the disputed site to find out if there was a structure below the Babri Masjid.
“The Masjid was not built on virgin soil and the ASI report established it scientifically. The imagery of living beings is not integral to Islamic religious places. The huge wall and pillars dates back to a temple, which existed there around 12th century AD,” added Muhammed vouching for the existence of a temple below the Babri Masjid.
The Muslim parties have argued the wall, which dates back to the 12th century AD, was on the western side, away from habitation and had lime-surki plastering inside it indicating its Islamic origins and that it may have been part of an Idgah.
Clarifying ASI findings on the circular shrine recovered during the excavations, Muhammed said it was not Islamic in nature and dated back to 10th century.
The Sunni Wakf Board had pointed how the ASI report even inferred there was a circular shrine dedicated to Lord Shiva at the site. The Board’s counsel told the apex court that archaeology is inexact science, as it involves a lot of inferring and conjecturing.
Muhammed referred to travelogues of the Western travellers as a very crucial piece of evidence, along with gazetteers.
“The travelogues indicate at faith, belief and continuous worship by the Hindus. These cannot be treated as mere stories. William Finch and Joseph Tiefenthaler gave a detailed description on Hindu worship. This cannot be ignored,” he added.
According to Finch, who visited India between 1607 to 1611, “The castle built four hundred years ago. Here are also the ruins of Ranichand castle and houses, which the Indians acknowledge for the great God, saying that he took flesh upon him to see the ‘tamasha’ of the world.”
Muhammed also cited references from Ain-i-Akbari, a 16th-century document recording the administration of the Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar to describe worship by Hindus at the disputed land. (IANS)
