NEW DELHI: The Modi 2.0 government’s maiden Budget Friday hiked petrol and diesel prices, raised import duty on dozens of items and increased tax on the super-rich as it sought to spur growth through higher spending and sops for startups, housing and corporates.
Presenting the Budget for 2019-20, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman announced further opening up of aviation, insurance and media sectors to foreign investment while throwing a lifeline to the struggling shadow banks (NBFCs) to boost investment and lending in the economy. She made no changes to the income tax slabs but hiked surcharge on the super-rich. Those with a taxable income of Rs 2 to 5 crore will now pay 39 per cent tax while those with more than Rs 5 crore income would pay 42.47 per cent.
“Those in the highest income brackets need to contribute more to the nation’s development,” she said. Also, 2 per cent TDS on cash withdrawals exceeding Rs 1 crore and mandatory filing of returns by certain category of individuals was brought in with a view to tighten compliance.
With sluggish growth in tax revenues, she announced plans to sell stakes in PSUs and sought more dividend from the RBI and public sector banks and companies in order to boost revenue and bring down the deficit. For the same, excise duty and cess on petrol and diesel were hiked by Rs 2 per litre each and import duty on dozens of items ranging from gold to automobile parts and tobacco products was increased. The customs duty on gold has been increased to 12.5 per cent from 10 per cent.
“Crude prices have softened from their highs, this gives me room to review excise duty and cess on petrol and diesel. I propose to increase special additional excise duty and road and infrastructure cess each by Rs 1 per litre on petrol and diesel,” Sitharaman said.
To spur consumption, she lowered corporate tax on companies with revenue of up to Rs 400 crore to 25 per cent from 30 per cent. Currently, the lower rate is applicable only to companies with revenue up to Rs 250 crore. Sitharaman said the reduced tax rate would cover 99.3 per cent of corporates in the country.
The Budget also sought to boost ‘Make in India’ by way of reducing duties on certain inputs and raw materials and creating a level playing field by increasing duties on certain goods.
“The Indian economy will grow to become a USD 3 trillion economy in the current year (from USD 2.7 trillion last year). It is now the sixth largest in the world,” she said, adding the target is to take it to USD 5 trillion in coming years.
“This budget is setting out a vision, a target, for every sector of our society.” Sitharaman surprised most analysts by narrowing the budget deficit target to 3.3 per cent of the GDP for the current fiscal from 3.4 per cent previously. In addition to funding an expansion of cash support scheme for farmers, a new pension scheme and relief for small taxpayers, as previously announced, the Budget includes a Rs 70,000 crore capital infusion in public sector banks. First-time homebuyers, buying a house not exceeding Rs 45 lakh, would get an additional deduction of Rs 1.5 lakh towards interest.
For NBFCs, she announced measures to improve their access to funding by providing a limited backstop for purchases of their assets. The government will provide a partial guarantee to state banks for the acquisition of up to Rs 1 lakh crore of highly rated assets from non-bank finance companies. The RBI will take over as the regulator of housing finance firms, she said. The government will also sell its first global bond to raise funding for infrastructure spending.
Giving relief to startups, she said they will not be subject to ‘angel tax’ scrutiny where the companies and investors file certain declarations. A mechanism of e-verification will be put in place and with this, the funds raised by startups will not require any tax scrutiny. She also said the government will spend Rs 100 lakh crore for infrastructure in the next five years. (PTI)
