Editor,
U Kiang Nangbah was executed by the British on December 30, 1862, yet the Jaintias persisted in their struggle even after his death. The patriots took a solemn oath to continue their fight, symbolically described as Hadooh Khatar Snem Luti, which translates to “till the end of a twelve-year journey,” or metaphorically, “till the bitterest end.” Leadership was assumed by U Mynlon Daloi of Mynso and Mon Lato, who valiantly continued the resistance until their last breath.
In January 1863, a renewed revolt emerged, with the populace constructing stockades and retreating to the dense forest to launch fresh assaults on British forces, resulting in significant casualties for the latter. Resistance was notably active in regions such as Rymbai, Padu, Nangjngi, Nongbareh, Umkiang, Jowai, Mynso, Nartiang, Lamin, Mukhla, and Nangbah. However, by February 1863, the resistance was quelled as many leaders were killed in confrontations with British troops, while others surrendered and were taken captive. Notably, Oossa Marateang of Rymbai, (name as recorded in the Bengal Judicial Proceedings No. 214 on March 4, 1863), was tried by Capt. B.W.D. Morton and executed on January 16, 1863.
As we commemorate the profound sacrifices made by Oossa Marateang for the freedom of our nation, we must also honor the memory of those leaders who laid down their lives in service to the motherland. Among these distinguished figures are U Mynlon Mynso, U Mon Lato, U Kiri Daloi of Changpung, U Swar Sutnga, U Long Padu, U Mon Rymbai, U Chey Rangbah, U Bang Raliang, U Bukhiar Pator of Raliang, U Woh Riang, U Kiang Sule, and U Kat Changpung.
We pay tributes to the courageous patriots of Jaintia Hills, U Kiang Nangbah and Oossa Marateang, who were executed by British authorities. Despite their deaths at the hands of the British Raj, their ideals, patriotic sentiments, and sacrifices remain indelible in our collective memory.
As we honour these individuals whose endeavors to liberate us from colonial rule culminated in their ultimate sacrifice, it is perplexing that the Jaintia Resistance movement is often overlooked in the historical narratives of India’s freedom struggle. More than 77 years post-independence, the contributions of countless martyrs and freedom fighters from the region, who shed their blood and offered their lives for the nation, deserve rightful recognition in the annals of India’s history.
Yours etc.,
Dr. Omarlin Kyndiah,
Via email
India’s measured response to Hasina’s extradition
Editor,
Apropos of the editorial “Yunus facing odds” (ST January 15, 2025) the legitimacy of the Yunus Interim Government in Bangladesh is a complex issue. While the interim government led by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus has been recognized by the international community, it faces significant internal challenges and questions about its legitimacy. The ousting of Sheikh Hasina and subsequent rise of the Mohammed Yunus have been marked by accusations of constitutional improprieties and procedural irregularities. The interim government has officially sought Sheikh Hasina’s extradition from India. However, India has extended her visa and has not granted asylum, indicating a cautious approach. The extradition process involves complex legal and diplomatic considerations, and India’s decision will likely be influenced by its legal framework and international relations. While the Yunus Interim Government has international recognition, its internal legitimacy is still under scrutiny, and the extradition demand for Sheikh Hasina adds another layer of complexity to the situation. The Bangladesh Army is currently facing significant internal challenges. Reports from various sources indicate the emergence of multiple power centres within the army, each led by different generals. This situation has created tensions between factions aligned with the Awami League and those with Islamist leanings. While it is not yet a full-blown crisis, the internal power struggles could potentially lead to instability. The historical context of military coups in Bangladesh adds to the complexity of the situation.
Legitimacy of any government often stems from people’s mandate. For Bangladesh, the path to a legitimate government could involve several steps, like conducting transparent elections under the supervision of an independent election commission which is crucial, else as remarked by the BNP General Secretary Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir, “The longer the elections are delayed, the deeper the political and economic crisis will become.”
Elections ensure that the people’s voice is heard and respected. Addressing any constitutional issues that may have led to the current situation is essential. This could involve amending laws to prevent future political crises. Engaging all political parties and stakeholders in a constructive dialogue can help build consensus on the way forward. This would foster a sense of ownership and participation among the populace. There is a need to ensure that institutions like the judiciary, anti-corruption bodies, and human rights commissions are independent and robust and can help maintain checks and balances. The next step is seeking support and guidance from international bodies and neighbouring countries that can provide legitimacy and aid in the transition process. These steps, if implemented effectively, could pave the way for a more stable and legitimate government in Bangladesh.
India’s regional interests and security are indeed influenced by the evolving geopolitical dynamics in South Asia, particularly with the potential alliance between China, Pakistan and Bangladesh. The recent rapprochement between Bangladesh and Pakistan, coupled with China’s growing influence in the region, poses significant strategic challenges for India. India has historically maintained strong ties with Bangladesh, especially during Sheikh Hasina’s tenure, which saw enhanced cooperation in border security, economic integration, and counter-terrorism efforts. However, the political shift in Bangladesh and the interim government’s inclination towards Pakistan and China could alter this balance.
To protect its regional interests and security, India may need to 1. Strengthen diplomatic engagement with Bangladesh to maintain influence and address mutual concerns. 2. Enhance border security measures to prevent infiltration and militant activities. 3. Foster economic and cultural ties to reinforce the historical and cultural bond between India and Bangladesh. 4. Monitor and counteract the strategic moves of China and Pakistan in the region through regional alliances and partnerships. India’s approach will likely involve a combination of diplomatic, economic and security measures to navigate the complex geopolitical landscape and safeguard its interests.
Yours etc;
VK Lyngdoh,
Via email